Dioxin and its origin

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Dioxin and its origin

　　Dioxin like substances are mainly three categories. One is the "more than two chlorinated benzene and dioxin" (referred to as CPDD) is a class of "more than two chlorinated benzene and" (PCDF), the other is the "common type of PCBs" (PCB). Which PCDD and PCDF due to the substitution of the chlorine atom number and position of different, respectively, 75 and 135 different purchase of the body, including significant toxicity respectively 7 and 10 species, of which 2.3.7.8 tetrachloro dibenzo dioxin (TCDD) is the most toxic. The molecular structure of PCDF and PCDD is as follows:
　　Dioxins produce the desired conditions: matter containing benzene and chlorine, bromine a class of substances exist at the same time; temperature of 200 DEG C, optimum temperature is 270~400 DEG C; the presence of metal catalysts, the following equations the shows:
　　According to a large number of information and data at home and abroad, the generation of dioxin, including the following three aspects:
　　And some impurities in industrial production, such as production of chlorinated organic chemicals (some pesticide, preservative, herbicides and paint additives, etc.). The heating process can produce byproduct dioxin impurities.
　　By-products of the process of industrialization of certain products, such as the presence of dioxin in the pulp bleaching and industrial smelting process as a by-product and impurity.
　　Municipal waste can produce a large number of "dioxin", which is the main source of the incomplete combustion due to incomplete combustion at about 350 degrees Celsius. In developed countries, the source accounts for more than 90% of the total amount of dioxin generated. In addition, the use of chlorine scavenger, automobile exhaust can also produce trace dioxin.
　　By the dioxin formation conditions and generating source can be evident, PS foam plastic tableware and dioxin has nothing to do, because PS neither chlorinated organic compounds, and when in use, and only in less than 100 DEG C, why can be regarded as high temperature.
　　A number of major foreign countries, such as the generation of dioxin, as shown in table 2.

Country	U.S.A	Germany	France	Sweden	Japan
Hair source	-1992	-1991	-1991	-1988	-1990
municipal solid waste incineration	60~200	5.4~432	382	50~100	3100~7400
Hazardous waste incineration	2.4~8.4	0.5~72	16	2~6	460
Medical waste incineration	50~5100	5.4	2.1	10	80~240
Sewage sludge incineration	1~26	0.01~1.13	0.3	—	5
Iron Works	—	1.3~18.9	26	50~150	250
Steel plant	230~310	38~380	4	1	—
Automobile exhaust emission	8~870	12.6	7	5~15	0.07
Household heater (oil)	—	1.2	1	—	—
Household heater (coal)	—	2.9	3.7	—	—
Household heater (wood)	—	—	12	—	—
Underground gas combustion	—	0.24~2.4	—	—	—
tobacco	—	0.012	—	—	16
Wire and cable combustion	—	—	1.5	—	—
Asphalt production workshop	—	—	0.3	—	—
Crematorium	—	—	0.2	—	—
Chemical manufacturing engineering	—	—	0.5	—	—
Pulp sludge and black liquor recovery	0.9~5.8	—	—	4~6	3
Wood preservative	—	25	—	—	0
Wood burning	70~1600	—	—	—	0.2
Forest fire, fire accident	300~3000

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